Given the growing importance of soil carbon sequestration to reach national climate targets and to comply with private sector decarbonisation strategies, transparent, harmonized and cost-effective Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) approaches are essential. This session will explore technical developments in earth observation and proximal sensing and reflect on the design of integrated MRV systems to meet data requirements for different end-uses, like farm management, national reporting and carbon crediting. It will further touch on soil organic carbon (SOC) monitoring in current soil surveys like the EU LUCAS database, or the German Agricultural Soil Inventory, as well as on data governance.